Dysmenorrhea, painful periods or menstrual cramps

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By: Francis Appiah, Doctor of Naturopathic Medicine (N.D. Candidate), with expertise in Medical Journalism, Medical Laboratory Science, Integrative/Complementary Health, CAM and Healthcare Management

Dysmenorrhea, also known as painful periods or menstrual cramps, is the pain during menstruation. Its usual onset occurs around the time that menstruation begins. Symptoms typically last less than three days. The pain is usually in the pelvis or lower abdomen. Other symptoms may include back pain, diarrhea,  nausea. vomiting, headache, dizziness, disorientation, fainting and fatigue. Symptoms of dysmenorrhea often begin immediately after ovulation and can last until the end of menstruation. This is because dysmenorrhea is often associated with changes in hormonal levels in the body that occur with ovulation. 

Dysmenorrhea can be classified as either primary or secondary based on the absence or presence of an underlying cause. Primary dysmenorrhea occurs without an associated underlying condition, while secondary dysmenorrhea has a specific underlying cause, typically a condition that affects the uterus or other reproductive organs.

In young women, painful periods often occur without an underlying problem. In older women, it is more often due to an underlying issue such as uterine fibroids, adenomyosis or endometriosis. It is more common among those with heavy periods, irregular periods, whose periods started before twelve years of age or who have a low body weight. 

It occurs less often in those who exercise regularly and those who have children early in life. Treatment may include the use of a heating pad. Medications that may help include NSAIDs such as ibuprofen, hormonal birth control and the IUD with progestogen.

Many alternative or natural remedies (herbal or dietary supplements) can be very helpful, safe and effective in the treatment of dysmenorrhea and that includes, melatonin, vitamin E, Vitamin B1, fennel, dill, chamomile, cinnamon, damask rose, rhubarb, guava, fenugreek, ginger, fish oil, valerian herb and acupuncture.

About the Author

Francis Appiah, N.D. Candidate

Nyarkotey University College of Holistic Medicine and Technology, Tema Community 7

Francis Appiah is a Doctor of Naturopathic Medicine candidate with expertise in medical laboratory technology, medical journalism, complementary/integrative medicine, and CAM healthcare management. He leverages this diverse background to deliver holistic care. With over eight years of experience in Ghana's healthcare sector, Francis excels in clinical diagnosis, integrative medicine, patient-centered care, analytical and diagnostic skills, problem-solving, and healthcare management.

His mission is to establish Franapp Holistic Medical Centre, providing comprehensive conventional and natural medicine services to all Ghanaians and bridging the gap between traditional and holistic healthcare for optimal wellness.

Disclaimer

The information provided in this article is for educational and general informational purposes only, focusing on dysmenorrhea, its symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and management.

This article is not intended to provide personalized medical advice or diagnose health-related conditions. Consult a qualified healthcare professional for personalized guidance and support. Do not rely solely on this article for medical decisions.

This article does not replace guidance from qualified healthcare professionals and does not endorse specific products or services.

If you experience severe menstrual cramps, heavy bleeding, or other concerning symptoms, seek immediate medical help. Self-medication or delayed treatment can lead to complications.

By reading this article, you acknowledge understanding and agreeing to these terms.